Method of manufacturing knotted carpets.



No. 7|s,o93. Patented Dec. I6, 1902.

H. PAMTSCHEK 8:. J. AHURN. METHOD OF MANUFACTURING KNOTTED' CABPETS.

(Application filed Ja'n. 27, 1902 (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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Patented Dec. I6, I902; H. PANITSGHEK &. J. AHDRN. METHOD OF MANUFAGTUBING'KNOTTED CARPETS.

(Applicatioli filed Ja n. 27, 1902.)

' 2 Shoots-Sheet 2.

(N0 Model.)

NITED rn rns ATENT Prion.

HEINRICH PANITSOHEK AND JOHANN AHORN, OF Bil RN, AUSTRIA- HUNGARY.

METHODOF MANUFACTURING KNOTTED CARPETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 716,093, dated December 16, 1902. Application filed January 27,1902. Serial No. 91,451. (No specimens.)

. To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that we, HEINRICH PANITSCHEK and J OHANN AHORN, subjects of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Barn, inthe Province of Moravia, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of Manufacturing Knotted Carpets; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe'art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying draw ings, and to letters and 'figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a process for the manufacture of knotted carpets, either with knots of the type characteristic of Persian carpets or with knots of that characteristic of Smyrna carpets, the said two kinds of knots differing from each other, as is well known, in such a manner that in the case of a Persian knot (see FigureA of the accompanying drawings) the piece of thread intended to form the pile of the carpet surrounds completely one i of the knotting warp-threads, while the seci one ofthe two warp-threads.

0nd warp-thread is surrounded by the piece of thread for the extent of only one-half, Where as in the case of a Smyrna knot (see Fig. 13) the piece of thread forming the pile surrounds completely both warp-threads. From this it will be seen that in both species of knots above referred to the piece of thread intended to formthe knot is completely Wound around It is therefore in both cases necessary for the execution of the process to have the piece of thread placed around one of the warp-threads in the shape of an open bow, whereupon the ends of the piece of thread are crossed around this warpthread, so, that inthis mannera simple loop is formed around the latter;

A machine capable of forming the knots herein described forms the subject-matter of application Serial No. 91,450, filed January 27, 1902, I, p l p l Now the characteristic feature of the presentinventionconsists in that for the formation of both kinds of knots the second warpthread is grasped. at the place where the knot is to be formed on the same and is first bent in the shape of an S, the initial position and the stroke-11 e. the extent of rotation-brain g chosen differently for both kinds of knots in the following manner: For the production of a Persian knot the S-shaped loop of the said Warp-thread is undone by the direct back Ward rotation, and in this case the warpthread is now stretched taut again, and when it is released it enters the angle formed by the two crossed ends of the piece of knottingthread which has been previously wound around the first-named warp-thread. This completes the Persian knot. For the formation of a Smyrna knot, after having formed the S-shaped loop in the corresponding warpthread, it is rotated still farther, and during this further rotation the said warp-thread slides to form a closed loop, which latter is then slid upon one of the crossed ends of the piece of knotting thread surrounding the first-named warp-thread. By stretching the warp-thread the loop which has been formed in the same is transferred onto the end of the piece of knotting-thread and the Smyrna knot is thus completed. The completed knot is now pushed firmly down to the fabric in the usual manner, whereupon the ground Weftthreads are shot for firmly keeping in place the formed row of knots.

The following is a full description of the said process, reference being made to the accompanying drawings.

As has already been mentioned, the pieces of thread intended for forming the knots are each wound around two warp threads in either of the manners shown in Figs. A and B, respectively, according to whether Persian or Smyrna carpets are to be produced.

In the drawings herewith we have shown tools that may be used in aiding in the formation of the knot difiering from the needles sometimes used; but these can bedispensed with and the knot be equally wellformed by hand without the use of any tools.

Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a sectional view through the warp-threads of the carpet which is to be produced. I II represent the row of warp-threads, of'which the too two threads which are for the time being to be provided with knots are indicated by 1 2.

a is the piece of knotting-thread which is arranged in front of the row of warp-threads perpendicularly to the threads 1 2 and which is to be wound around the latter.

I) is the part of the rotating apparatus which bears the two gripping-hooks c and (1.

As can be seen from Figs. 2 and 3, which represent the part of the apparatus bearing the two hooks in top and bottom elevations, respectively, these two hooks are different in shape and position. One of the hooks c is projecting farther in the direction of the length of the bearer than the second hook d and is composed of a hook directed slantingly to the inward, while the second gripping-hook cl forms a hook arranged in a slanting direction to the outward.

For the production of a Persian knot, Fig. A, one of the pair 1 2 of the warp-threads Viz., the warp-thread 1is first drawn against the gripping-hooks c d, which in their initial position are standing in a horizontal line, the hook c on the right and the hook d on the left. By rotating the gripping-hooks in the direction of the arrow 3, Fig. 4, through ninety degrees the warp-thread l is grasped above by d and below by c and is thereupon bent in opposite directions in two points corresponding to the distance between the two grippinghooks, as shown in Fig. 5. The second warpthread 2 is then drawn toward the grippinghooks, so that it enters the path of the same. By a further rotation of the hooks the warpthread 1 is bent in the shape of an S, and finally the second warp-thread 2 is grasped in a stretched condition by the two hooksviz., at top by e and at bottom by d-as shown in Fig. 6. The gripping-hooks have thus performed in the whole a rotation through two hundred and seventy degrees, of which only one hundred and eighty degrees have been employed for bending the warp thread 1. The gripping-hooks remain in the position shown in 'Fig. 6, and the piece of thread a is then grasped in two places and is bent in the shape of an open bow, as shown in Fig. 1 by dotted lines and in Fig. 7 in a perspective view. In consequence of the pulling in of the warp-threads 1 and 2 there is formed in the row of warp threads a gap, which is still widened by the lateral moving asunder of the contiguous warp-threads,and through this gap the piece of knotting-thread, bent in the shape of a bow, as above described, is moved against the row of warp-threads until the bent portion of the piece of thread enters in the line I II, Fig. 1, of the row of warp-threads. In the meantime the gripping-hooks are caused to perform a slight rotary motion backward, whereby the straight warp-thread 2 is released from its engagement with the gripping-hooks, and when this warp-thread is let go it comes to stand in the line I II and can enter the open bow of the piece of knotting-thread a,as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 7. The gripping-hooks,

with the clamped ends of the piece of thread a, are then rotated around the axis of the hooks through one hundred and eighty degrees in a backward direction, whereby the S-shaped loop previously formed in the warpthread 1 becomes again undone, and at the same time the ends of the piece of knottingthread are caused to be crossed around the warp-th read 2, as shown in Fig. 8. The warpthread 1 is then stretched again, and when it is let go it comes to'be placed in the angle 4, formed by the crossed ends of the piece of thread. As this warp-thread in consequence of the tension to which it is submitted is tending to regain its position in the row of threads I II it bends outward the free end of the piece of thread situate on the corresponding side of the same-in the present instance on its left-hand side.

In the manner above described the Persian knot, Fig. 9, is completed. The knot is then pushed on to the ready fabric in the usual manner and is fixed in its position by shooting the grou nd weft-threads in the well-known manner.

If a Smyrna knot is to be produced, it is necessary before proceeding to the knotting operation to place the gripping-hooks in such an initial position that with reference to Fig. 1 the hook a will stand on the left-hand side and the hook d on the right-hand side, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 10. First of all, the first warp-thread 1 is drawn against the gripping-hooks until it comes to stand in the path of the same. The gripping-hooks are then rotated around their common axis 5 5, Fig. 11,in the direction of the arrow3 and grasp the said warp-thread, as shown in Fig. 10. Owing to the particular arrangement and position of the two gripping-hooks shown in the side elevation, Fig. 11, the warp-thread 1 will be slightly bent at two places in the direction of the axis 5 5, and the upper part of the warp-thread will be drawn forward or outward. A further rotation of the grippinghooks in the direction of the arrow causes the bending of the warp-thread 1 in the plane of rotation of the hooks, Fig. 12, this bending being a characteristic feature of the described process. During a further rotation of the hooks the lower portion of the warp-thread is compelled by the particular position and shape of the bearer b of the hooks to wind or coil upon the periphery of this bearer b,whereas the upper part of the warp-thread, which is somewhat drawn forward, can pass the bearer Z), as shown in Fig. 13. When the gripping-hook c has passed beyond its lowermost position and the opposite hook d has passed beyond its highest position, the upper portion of the warp-thread slides away from the hook a, so that a closed loop is formed around the other hook d, as shown in Fig. 14:. The gripping-hooks rotate further, whereby the hook d draws the upper portion of the warp-thread with it so far until this warpthread is finally grasped by the empty hook c,Fig. 15. In this moment the rotary motion of the gripping-hooks is terminated. The hooks have thus performed in all one and one-fourth revolutions around the axis 5 5. The loop 8 of the first warp-thread 1, which is required for the formation of the Smyrna knot, butis not permanent, is now of the bow in this piece of thread, which is during this operation moved against the gripping-hooks through the widened gap in the row of warp-threads, releasing of the warpthread which enters the open bowof the piece of thread a, Fig. 16. The gripping hooks arethen rotated backward through one hundred and eighty degrees, so that the ends.

. of the piece of knotting-thread are following this rotary motion' around the axis 5 5 of the gripping-hooks bearer b, and thereby are crossed around the warp-thread 2, Fig. 17. The loop 8 of the warp-thread is then pushed owhich faces the same, Fig. 18. The Warpthread 1 is then stretched taut and the loop 5,

formed in the same, becomes undone again,

and a like loop 8, Fig. 19, is consequently formed in the piece of knotting-thread. This operation completes the formation of the Smyrna knot, which can now be pushed down tothe fabric. l l

The other operations which are still necessary for the manufacture of a carpet are generally known and are not described in this specification, as they do not form part of the present invention.

We claim -1. The method of knottiug the pile-threads of pile fabrics, which consists in seizing one of a pair of warp-threads and bending it into S shape, applying a pile-thread to the second warp-thread, bending it forward and crossing its ends, and then rotating the first warp-thread into its original position and releasingit between the crossed ends of the pilethread, substantially as described.

2. The method of knotting the pile-threads of pile fabrics, which consists in seizing a warp-thread, bending the point of seizure out of line of said thread and twisting it into S shape, then forming a loop, crossing the ends of pile-thread around the other warp-thread, drawing one of the crossed ends through the loop in the first warp-thread and releasing said warp thread, thereby allowing it to straighten and loop the pilethread, substantially as described. v on to that end of the piece of knotting-thread In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention We have signed our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HEINRICH PANITSCHEK. J OHANN AHORN.

Witnesses:

JosEF RUBAROH, ALVESTO S. HOGUE. 

